Well here is the details knowledge of the hard disk, it is a device that uses ferromagnetic material which store data as part of a computer system in itself and worked as the ROM memory. Hard drive normally consist of a completely sealed cover case that assembled with the following major components discussed below
1. First part of the hard disk is Rigid disks, or platters, that are properly coated with very tiny particles that can be magnetized to represent and store data in its set memory. The disks are so greatly designed to be permanently enclosed within the drive so why these hard disks are also sometimes known as fixed disk drives
2. Second majore part is an electric motor and a spindle which we also named an axle, that are used to get rotate the disks properly in an alignment
3. Third part of it is a mechanism called read and write head that access and retrieves the data from any outer source and also stores data to the disk. There are small two heads in each disk (one for each side of the disk). And these read-write heads can also move and rotate exactly from near the center of the disk out to its rim. So, by spinning the disk and moving the head from center to edge, then the read-write head can access any area of the whole disk. The read-write head records and reads data according to certain patterns, or formats. So, all the memory disk contained within a particular hard drive are identified according to side (top and bottom); each side is then again partitioned into concentric rings and each ring is further divided into sectors and allocation units, which are the smallest areas available on the disk for storing the all data.
So, it is necessary to know for us that hard drives must utilize an electronic device called a disk controller to control communications with the computer's central processing unit and for directing the read-write head's movement. Some hard drives possess their own disk controller; for other hard drives the disk controller resides on the computer's motherboard, or for on an expansion card. Well as for your more knowledge regarding this, there are several interface standards in the hard disk for just regulating the passage of data between a hard drive and the CPU itself. So, the most common interfaces are IDE controllers its definition is (Integrated Drive Electronics) and other is SCSI [Small Computer System Interface]. The IDE and SCSI interfaces were introduced in the computer market in around 1986 and since then there have been many variations and successors to those interfaces. A hard drive using an IDE interface for communication requires an IDE controller; a SCSI interface requires a SCSI controller to get operate easily and fully access to its functionality.
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